metals

Alloys
An Alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, which means one or multiple has to be a metal.
Alloys often have properties that are different from the metal they contain. this makes them more useful than the metals alone. For example, steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. it's used to make many things.. such as cars, ships, and even bridges. Steel is stronger and flexible and harder than iron and doesn't corrode (rust) as quickly. Back to Alloys, so combining the metallic elements such as gold and copper, produces red gold, gold and silver become white gold and silver combined with copper produces sterling silver.
Recent advances in technology have created a new range of alloys called smart alloys, smart alloys have unusual properties. nitinol is an alloy of nickel and titanium and is also known as a shape memory alloy. If nitinol is bent out of shape, it returns to its original shape when its either heated or an electric current is passed through it.


Metal Carbonates and acid

When a metal carbonate reacts with some sort of an acid, it will form a salt... Carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide is a gas and can be seen as bubbles as the reaction proceeds.


Corrosion

When metals are exposed to the environment they can deteriorate, or break down. Scientists call this process corrosion. Rust is the term used to describe the corrosion of iron. Iron is a somewhat cheap metal so it is widely used in the industry. Scientists have had to develop a way of protecting the iron from rusting.




Chemical equations: metal + acid

When a metal reacts with an acid, a metal salt and hydrogen gas are produced. The type of sale produced depends on the type of metal and the type of acid used.

ACID                                      SALT FORMED

sulfuric acid                              sulfate

hydrochloric acid                      chloride

nitric acid                                  nitrate

genetics

Asexual reproduction

When it comes to asexual reproduction, it only really needs one parent. Why? Because it takes less time to find a mate and they don't have to go through the pregnant stage. Asexual offspring are identical to the parent, like little clones running all over the place, and because they don't have to worry about creating different genes for individuality, that means the chance to make many of that species.

sexual reproduction

different from asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction requires two parents. the offspring are similar  but not identical, the offspring is normally a combination of both of their parent's personalities/characteristics, this also means that a few of the offsprings may be better suited  to survive in their habitat.. and going into more depth about it means that the species can become more successful over time. the benefits of producing an offspring are the variation of the costs of finding a mate, breeding and producing the offspring.

the term ' species' is used by scientists to express organisms of the same type, one of the reasons for all species is to survive and reproduce, passing on their characteristics from one generation to the next.

now we are going to talk about cells, chromosomes, and DNA

first of all, DNA stands for ( deoxyribonucleic acid ).
People for generations have been asking and questioning, why do offsprings not look exactly like there parents but look similar?
 well...
all organisms are made of cells, an adult had 50 trillion to even 100 trillion of them..crazy I know.. all human cells contain a nucleus ( except red blood cells ). The nucleus is also known as the 'control centre' it contains the instructions that tell the cell how to function, Humans have 46 chromosomes in every cell in their body,  23 of these chromosomes were inherited by your dad and 23 were inherited by your mother. Chromosomes are made of a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a section of DNA that contains instructions for a particular feature, for example, your hair colour is a gene as well as your eye colour and your height.

In 1962, Nobel prize for medicine was awarded to Francis Crick, James Watson and Maurice Wilkins for the discovery of the structure of DNA, He obtained PhD in 1940 from Birmingham University.

home economics

1800s the first signs of an established NZ eating pattern became evident Meat and 3 veg. The tradition of Sunday Roasts begun.	1814 Samuel Marsden came to NZ with 1 bull, 2 cows and a few sheep and poultry.	1840 food supplies were limited depending on the region in which you lived.
1870 first coal range was made locally which was larger the method for cooking in the day.		1882 Tea Examination Act was developed to ensure the quality of tea sold was pure. Became an essential part of workers day “smoko” a break hard fought by the workers.
1882 morning teas needed to keep the manual labourers well energized and often consisted on baked goods like scones.	1882 first shipment of frozen meat left NZ bound for Britain. It was the beginning of refrigeration and the start of the meat and dairy trade that is still important for our economy	1900s the next wave of NZ eating pattern  Breakfast – porridge, bacon and eggs with tea Lunch – meat sandwiches, soup and tea Dinner – a heavy meat based meal with veg and a cooked pudding with tea.
1900s the climate of NZ encouraged a lighter, less stodgy diet and recipes that involved game like deer and rabbit were needed.	1900s baking had begun to be a more lavish with such items as sponges, pikelets ginger kisses, afghans and gems.	1907 the famous cookery book Edmonds was published. Over 3 million copies have been sold.
1914-1918 First World War saw little shortage in food, in fact Britain was buying as much food and NZ could produce.	1918-1939 between the wars many factors occurred that saw a change in the NZ diet	1920 most homes were equipped with the first electric or gas ovens.
1930s  ladies afternoon tea parties were in full swing during the Depression as a cheaper alternative to dinner parties	.1930’s came the great depression – shortage in jobs meant people had little money to buy food. Soup kitchens were started and such dishes as the Shepherds Pie came about as a way to use leftovers	1935-1938 many continental refugees came to settle in NZ especially Dutch, Italians, Greeks and Jewish Refugees. They brought with them their national cuisine.

we made fish and chips, first i thought it was going to be terrible but it was good the chips were ok.

first we got some frozen fish, cut them into pieces, we got the chips seasoning and potato, we cut the potatoes into thin slices and cooked them, then we put seasoning while crumbing the fish. we cooked them in the oven 200 Celcius, 

we started with a piece of paper, where we wrote our ideas down and and gathered our thoughts on the piece of paper, after we finished our drawing on the pieces of paper we got a wood copy of a boomerang that was already cut out. We got the paint and drew our designs on the boomerang in pencil first then we painted it and it took me me two periods. I thought it was really fun and a switch up from what we normally donhjikl,./

Reason 1, because there could be an emergency

Reason 2, in case you don't have a calculator or need an app for work

Reason 3, it could be switched off, and only on when the teachers give permission

I think that phones should be allowed in class, if there's an emergency or parents or sibling are trying to get hold of you for a serious reason I think it's important to get in touch with them and or keep in touch with them if something is happening at home or in family lives.

If your in math class or any class I think it's important to have your phone if you might need to use the calculator or search something up on youtube or listen to music, which could benefit your learning if the class teacher doesn't have a calculator you could use your phone.

However, I think it's important that phones should be on silent in class so it doesn't interrupt the lesson and doesn't interrupt the students learning with all the buzzing and the beeping and the ringing.

The magnitude of the earth magnetic field at its surface ranges from 25 to 65 microteslas (0.25 to 0.65 gauss).



On Earth, flowing of liquid metal in the outer core of the planet generates electric currents. The rotation of the earth on its axis causes these electric currents to form a magnetic field which extends around the planet. The magnetic field is extremely important to sustaining life on earth.


What would happen if the earths magnetic field disappeared? 
if the magnetic field weakens enough or temporarily disappears during the flip, then the earth could be hit with dangerous amounts of solar radiation and cosmic rays. The exposure could mean that more people develop cancer, Renne said, though there's no scientific proof this could happen.


how do we use the magnetic field?
Birds use earth magnetic fields sort of a heads-up display to help them navigate the globe. The earth magnetic field is a result of the movement or convection of liquid iron in the outer core. As the liquid metal in the outer core moves, it generates electric currents, which lead to a magnetic field.


earth magnetic field is, contrary to popular belief, is extremely weak, many times weaker than even a common Ferro-ceramic bar magnet. It's a strength at earth surface is roughly 25-65 microteslas, or 0.25-0.65 gauss, whereas a small bar magnet is around 10,000 microteslas or 100 gausses.


computer simulation of the earth field in a period of normal polarity between reversals. The lines represent magnetic field lines, blue when the field points towards the center and yellow when away. The rotation axis of the Earth is centered and vertical. The dense clusters of lines are in the earth core.


while the north and south magnetic poles are usually located near the geographic poles, they slowly and continuously move over geological time scales, but sufficiently slowly for ordinary compasses to remain useful for navigation. the earth fields reverse and the north and south magnetic poles respectively, abruptly switch places. These reversals of the geomagnetic poles leave a record in rocks that are values to paleomagnetists in calculating geomagnetic fields, in the past such information, in turn, is helpful in studying the motions of continents  and ocean floors in the process of plate tectonics